In 2019, there were more than 6.3 million female scientists and engineers in the European Union, accounting for 41 percent of total employment in science and engineering, according to Eurostat. By sector, women were underrepresented in manufacturing (where only 21 percent of scientists and engineers were female), while there was more of a gender balance in the services sector (46 percent). Among EU Member States, the proportion of female scientists and engineers varied widely in 2019, ranging from 55 percent in Lithuania to 28 percent in Luxembourg, informed Eurostat.
